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GOLDEN POINTS ➥ Neonatal sepsis is the most important cause of neonatal deaths. ➥ Phototherapy is used for the treatment of jaundice. ➥ At birth, the height of a baby is 45-50cm. ➥ The process of development of a mature ovum is called oogenesis. ➥ The duration of the first trimester of pregnancy is 12 weeks (0-12 weeks) ➥ The duration of the second trimester of pregnancy is 16 weeks (13-28 weeks) ➥ Longitudinal lie is the most common lie. ➥ delivery means woman in labor ➥ Normal labor is called eutocia. ➥ Puerperium begins immediately after the expulsion of the placenta and lasts for 42 days. ➥ First stage of labor is also known as cervical stage of labor. ➥ Duration of pregnancy 10 lunar months or 9 months + 7 days or 280 days. ➥ The universal attitude of fetus is flexion. ➥ First pelvic grip is also known as Leopold fourth maneuver. ➥ Anterior fontanelle ossified 18 months after birth ➥ Posterior fontanelle ossified 6 weeks (1½ months) after birth. ➥ Abnormal labor is also known as dystocia. ➥ Atonic uterus is the main cause of Post Partum Haemorrhage. ➥ Secondary oocyte formation takes place just after ovulation. ➥ A fully mature ovum is the largest cell in human body. ➥ The human placenta is discoid is shape. ➥ The umbilical vein carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus. ➥ The foramen ovale closes functionally soon after birth. ➥ Second Pelvic grip is also known as third maneuver of Leopold. ➥ During pregnancy human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is produced by the syncytiotrophoblast of the placenta. ➥ The most common presentation is cephalic. ➥ Left occipito anterior is the most common position. ➥ At 6th week of pregnancy, cervix becomes soft. It is known as Goodell's sign. ➥ Vaginal discharges during puerperium period is known as lochia. ➥ Dizygotic twins are the most common type of pregnancy. ➥ The fairly constant state of internal environment is called as homeostasis. ➥ Arteries carry blood away from the heart. ➥ The blood vessels that connect arteries and veins are called capillaries. ➥ The brain is situated inside the skull. ➥ Sensory nerves are also known as afferent nerves it carry impulses from sense organs to brain. ➥ Motor nerves are also known as efferent sense organ nerves as it carry impulses from brain to sense organs. ➥ Endocrine glands synthesize and secrete chemical messengers called hormones. ➥ The movement of water from higher concentration to lower concentration is known as osmosis. ➥ The total body water in an adult is about 60-65% of body weight. ➥ Blood, Plasma and CSF are the examples of extracellular fluid. ➥ Nucleus is the largest organ of a cell. ➥ The right side of the heart pumps blood into the lungs while the left side of the heart pumps blood into the systemic circulation. ➥ The Ribosomes make proteins within the cell. ➥ Endoplasmic reticulum are of two types (a) Smooth (b) Rough ➥ Platelets are also known as Thrombocytes. ➥ Cardiac muscles are striated and involuntary muscles. ➥ The breakdown of RBC is known as Hemolysis. ➥ About 45% of population have 'O’ blood group. ➥ Cardiovascular centre is located in medulla oblongata. ➥ Insulin plays an important role in maintaining normal blood-sugar level. ➥ The heart is found in Thoracic cavity. ➥ The olfactory sensory area is located in temporal lobe. ➥ There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves in the human body. ➥ Sympathetic stimulation causes dilatation of pupils and decreases peristalsis. ➥ 206 bone in human body or skeleton ➥ 80 bones in axial skeleton ➥ 126 bones consist in appendicular skeleton ➥ Most common type of fracture present in Children is Greenstick fracture. ➥ Carpopedal spasm or trousseau's sign is seen in Hypocalcaemia condition.

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