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👉ነጻ የትምህርት ዕድል 💫ዩሲኤል ባርትሌት ፋከልቲ ኦፍ ዘ ቢልት ኢንቫይሮንመንት ለንደን፣ ኢንግላንድ። 🚧በኪነህንጻ፣ በከተማ እቅድ፣ በአካባቢ ምህንድስና እና በተገነባው አካባቢ ላይ ከሰሀራ በታች ላሉ አመልካቾች የተዘጋጀ የሁለተኛ ዲግሪ ነጻ የትምህርት ዕድል። 📜ዝርዝሩን ከማስፈንጠርያው አግኝተው ያመልክቱ👇 🌟መልካም ዕድል https://www.ucl.ac.uk/bartlett/study/scholarships-and-funding/bartlett-promise-scholarship/bartlett-promise-sub-saharan-africa-masters-scholarship @etconp

👉The purpose of taking laboratory tests after the compaction of the sub-base in road or highway construction is to ensure the quality and stability of the sub-base layer, which is crucial for the overall performance of the pavement structure. 🏷The key objectives include: 🚧1. Density and Compaction Verification: To measure the density of the compacted sub-base and ensure it meets specified standards. Proper compaction is essential to prevent future settlement or deformation. 🚧2. Moisture Content Analysis: To determine the moisture content of the sub-base, which affects compaction and stability. This helps in ensuring that the compaction process was conducted at the optimal moisture level. 🚧3. Strength Assessment: Tests such as California Bearing Ratio (CBR) or Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) are performed to evaluate the load-bearing capacity of the sub-base material. 🚧4. Material Quality Evaluation: To analyze the physical and chemical properties of the materials used, ensuring they meet the engineering requirements specified in design documents. 🚧5. Detection of Deficiencies: To identify any potential problems, such as inadequate compaction, improper material usage, or moisture issues, that could affect the performance of the road. 🚧6. Compliance with Standards: To ensure that the construction meets regulatory and engineering standards, providing a safe and durable road structure. 🚧7. Future Maintenance Planning: The results can inform future maintenance strategies by identifying weak areas that may require attention. ❇️Conducting these tests helps in achieving a reliable and long-lasting road or highway infrastructure. @etconp

👉A household wastewater treatment system, integrating a grease trap, septic tank, and anaerobic filter. The system processes wastewater by separating solids, breaking down organic matter, and filtering the effluent before it is discharged. The treated water can be used for irrigation, infiltration fields, absorption wells, or even safely returned to a natural water source. This setup promotes sustainable water management, reducing environmental impact while maintaining efficient waste disposal. @etconp

👉በአዲስ አበባ ባለፉት ዘጠኝ ወራት ከ6.3 ሚሊየን ብር በላይ የሚገመት የመንገድ  ሃብት ላይ ጉዳት ደረሰ 🚧በአዲስ አበበ ከተማ በ2017 በጀት ዓመት ባለፉት ዘጠኝ  ወራት በከተማዋ የተለያዩ አካባቢዎች በተሽከርካሪዎች ግጭት ምክንያት ከ6 ነጥብ 3 ሚሊዮን ብር በላይ ግምት ባለው የመንገድ መሰረተ ልማት ላይ ጉዳት መድረሱ ተገልጿል። በበጀት ዓመቱ የመጀመሪያ ግማሽ ዓመት በአጠቃላይ 182 የተሽከርካሪ ግጭት አደጋዎች የደረሱ ሲሆን ከእነዚህም ውስጥ 21 አደጋዎች በቀለበት መንገድ ላይ ተከስተዋል፡፡131 የግጭት አደጋዎች ደግሞ ከቀለበት መንገድ ውጪ የደረሱ ናቸው፡፡ ከዚህም በተጨማሪ፤ በእግረኛ መንገዶች ላይ የግንባታ ግብዓትና ተረፈ ምርት ባከማቹና ሌሎች የመንገድ መብት ጥሰቶች በፈፀሙ አካላት የፅሁፍ ማስጠንቀቂያና የእርምት እርምጃ በመወሰድ ማስተካከያ ተደርጓል፡፡ ባለስልጣን መስሪያ ቤቱ በተሽከርካሪ ግጭት ምክንያት ጉዳት የደረሰበትን የመንገድ ሀብት ከመጠገን ጎን ለጎን፣ ከጉዳት አድራሾችና ከሌሎች የመንገድ ጉዳት ካሣ ክፍያዎች ከ23 ነጥብ 4 ሚሊዮን ብር በላይ ክፍያ መሰብሰቡን የአዲስ አበባ መንገዶች ባለስልጣን ምክትል ኃላፊ አቶ እያሱ ሰለሞን ለብስራት ሬዲዮ እና ቴሌቪዥን ተናግረዋል፡፡ @etconp

👉የቴሌግራፍ ጸሐፊ ሮበርት ጃክማን ሰሞኑን በሳዑዲ አረቢያ ከነበረው ቆይታ በኃላ "Saudi Arabia is building the world’s largest hotel – but it may never open" በሚል ርዕስ ባቀረበው መጣጥፍ ሳዑዲ 47 ወለሎች እና 10 ሺህ ቅንጡ ክፍሎች ያለው ግዙፍ ሆቴል መገንባት ከጀመረች የቆየ ቢሆንም የሚጠናቀቅበት ቀን ግን በጣም ይናፈቃል ሲል ዘግቧል። ሳዑዲ አረቢያ ከጭስ አልባው የቱሪዝም ኢንዱስትሪ የበለጠ ተጠቃሚ ለመሆን ጽኑ ፍላጎት ያላት መሆኑን በጹሑፉ የጠቆመው ጸሐፊው፣ በነዳጅ ዘይት ሀብት የበለጸገችዋ ሳዑዲ ለቱሪዝም ኢንደስትሪ ይጠቅም ዘንድ የአለማችን ትልቁን ሆቴል መገንባት ከጀመረች 10 አመት ቢያልፋትም አሁንም ድረስ ግን ማጠናቀቅ አልቻለችም ይላል። ግዙፉ ሆቴል Abraj Kudai ተብሎ ነው የሚጠራው፤ ግንባታው ሲጀመር 2.3 ቢሊዮን ፓውንድ ይፈጃል ተብሎ በጀት የተያዘለት ቢሆንም፣ መጠናቀቅ አለመቻሉ ግን እስካሁን እንቆቅልሽ ሆናል። ሆቴሉ በውስጡ 70 የተለያዩ ሬስቶራንቶችን የሚይዝ ከመሆኑም በላይ፣ አራት የሔሊኮፕተር ማረፊያም ይኖረዋል፤ የሙስሊሞች ቅዱስ ከተማ በሆነችው መካ ከተማ ውስጥ እየተገነባ ያለው ሆቴል ሲጠናቀቀ ወደ መካ በሀጂ ጉዞ ወደ ከተማዋ የሚመጡ አማኞችን ፍላጎት በበቂ ሁኔታ ሊያሟላ ይችል እንደነበር ይነገራል። @etconp

👉Pre-stressed concrete: 💫Pre stressed concrete is concrete that has been brought in a state of compression before the work load is applied. 🚧This is done by putting tension on the steel inside and can be done in a number of ways. ⏺Either steel cables are tensioned and rebar is put down before the concrete is poured. ⏺Then after the concrete has set the tension on the cables is released putting the concrete in compression. Post tensioning: Post tensioning is a technique where the pre-stressing is done by stretching the cables after the concrete has set. This takes considerably more work and much extra rebar is needed to prevent damage during the tensioning process. @etconp

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👉የ ዛሬ Quiz ቡፌ እንዴት ነበር? ...ከወደዳቹት እና እንዲቀጥል ከፈለጉ በ ❤ ሪኣክሽን አበርቱን ለወዳጅዎ በማጋራት ያግዙን🙏 💫ደና ደሩ መልካም ምሽት😇 @etconp

👉የአርባምንጭ አለም አቀፍ ስታዲየም 1️⃣ ወቅታዊ የግንባታ ወጪው 8 ቢሊዮን ይደርሳል፣ 2️⃣ ከ25 ሺህ በላይ ተመልካቾችን ደረጃውን በጠበቀ ወንበር መያዝ የሚችል፤ 3️⃣ አለም አቀፍ የአትሌትክስ ውድድሮችን ማካሄድ የሚያስችል የመሮጫ መም፣ 4️⃣ የአፍሪካ ዋንጫ ምድብ ጨዋታዎችን እንዲሁም የሴቶችን የአፍሪካ ዋንጫ ፍጻሜ ማስተናገድ የሚችል፣ 5️⃣ ከዋናው ስታዲየም ጎን ደረጃውን የጠበቁ ሁለት ሟሟቂያ ባለ መም ሜዳዎች፣ 6️⃣ የመዝናኛ እና ልዩ ልዩ ግልጋሎት ስፍራዎች፣ 7️⃣ ከ1000 በላይ የመኪና ማቆሚያ ፓርኪንግ፣ 8️⃣ ፕሮጀክቱን በሁለት ዓመት ውስጥ ይጠናቀቃል፣ 9️⃣ ግንባታው ከ14 በመቶ በላይ ደርሷል፣ 🔟 ከ300 በላይ ሠራተኞች በቋሚነት በሳምንት ሰባት ቀን ይሠራሉ፣ @etconp

👉The Importance of Planning and Programming in Construction Project Management 💫Effective planning and programming are crucial to the success of any construction project. Over the past years, these fundamental building blocks have been essential in project management and control systems, with some organisations giving them equal weight to budgeting and cost management functions. *Critical Path Method (CPM) Programming* CPM programming is the planning technique most commonly used in the construction industry today. This tried and tested method, based on critical path analysis principles established in the 1950s, remains largely unchanged over the past years. *Project Planning Stage* The project planning stage is the most critical phase in developing an effective baseline programme. During this stage, the project definition is established, and the professional team considers key factors, including: - Feasibility: Is the project feasible? - Buildability: Can the project be built? - Technical constraints: Are there any technical limitations? - Geographical constraints: Are there any geographical limitations? - Time constraints: Are there any time constraints? - Financial constraints: Are there any financial limitations? *Preparing a Construction Programme* Preparing a construction programme involves several key steps, including: - Creating a work breakdown structure (WBS) - Applying CPM programming fundamentals - Identifying critical paths and dependencies - Establishing realistic timelines and milestones *Record Keeping and Delay Analysis* Good record keeping is essential for delay analysis. Accurate records are necessary to: - Track progress - Identify delays - Analyse causes of delays - Determine responsibility for delays *Predatory Programming Practices* Finally, it is essential to be aware of predatory programming practices, which can include: - Unrealistic timelines - Insufficient resources - Inadequate risk allocation - Unclear scope definition By being aware of these practices, you can detect and defend against them, ensuring that your construction project is managed effectively and efficiently. *Conclusion* In conclusion, planning and programming are critical components of construction project management. By understanding the importance of CPM programming, the project planning stage, and the process of preparing a construction programme, you can ensure that your project is managed effectively and efficiently. Remember to keep accurate records, be aware of predatory programming practices, and always prioritise effective planning and programming. @etconp